A resistance heater converts exactly one unit of electricity into one unit of heat. A heat pump converts one unit of electricity into three to five units of he…

Industrial heat is an inconveniently large problem. Manufacturing processes that require high temperatures — steelmaking, cement production, glass manufacturing…

Aviation accounts for approximately 2.5% of global CO₂ emissions — a number that understates its total climate impact, since contrail formation and high-altitud…

Hydrogen is supposed to save the planet. The economic reality in 2026 is considerably more complicated. ## The Three Colours of Hydrogen The terminology matte…

# Hydrogen's Realistic Role in the Energy Transition — Not the Panacea, Not the Failure Hydrogen occupies a peculiar position in energy transition discourse: s…