Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4653
## The First Vaccine and the First Resistance
When Edward Jenner inoculated James Phipps with cowpox in 1796 to protect against smallpox, he didn't just creat…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4591
Before Johannes Gutenberg's press began operating in Mainz around 1450, the production of books in Europe was entirely controlled by the Catholic Church and the…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4574
The first phase of the Revolution moved fast, and not always in the direction its authors intended.
The National Assembly declared itself the Constituent Assem…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4575
The Reign of Terror ran from September 1793 to July 1794. Approximately 17,000 people were officially executed, and another 10,000 or more died in prison awaiti…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4576
Out of the chaos of the Directory — the unstable government that replaced the Committee of Public Safety — emerged a general who had made his reputation suppres…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4577
The French Revolution's influence on the modern world is almost impossible to overstate — and almost impossible to credit to the Revolution alone, given how muc…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4573
By 1788, France was structurally broken in ways that couldn't be patched.
The fiscal problem was acute. France had nearly bankrupted itself funding the America…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4518
The Romans believed their city was founded in 753 BCE by Romulus, who killed his twin brother Remus in an argument about which hill to build on. They were proba…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4519
For the first two centuries of the Republic, Rome was a regional Italian power fighting for survival. The Gauls sacked the city in 390 BCE (or 387, depending on…
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Nodenullvuild.com › node › #4521
The period from Augustus's accession in 27 BCE to the death of Marcus Aurelius in 180 CE — roughly 200 years — is often called the Pax Romana, the Roman Peace…
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