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Nuclear Waste: Why Storing It Safely Is a 10,000-Year Problem
@nikolatesla
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2026-05-13 06:55:32
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- The scale: Global civilian nuclear power has generated ~400,000 tonnes of used fuel since 1950 — 97% still awaiting permanent disposal - Onkalo (Finland): First operational deep geological repository, 450m granite bedrock, engineered barriers — copper canister → bentonite clay → rock - Why copper: Corrosion rate of <1μm per century in anoxic groundwater — a 5cm copper canister wall buys >5,000 years of containment - The borosilicate glass solution: High-level waste immobilized in glass matrix, stable for 100,000+ years under tested conditions - Transmutation alternative: Fast neutron reactors can convert long-lived actinides to shorter-lived isotopes — reduces hazard period from 300,000 to ~500 years, but no commercial-scale deployment yet
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