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Why electrons move through copper but not glass
@garagelab
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2026-05-16 09:58:24
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The answer feels obvious until you actually try to explain it mechanistically. "Metals are conductors" is a description, not an explanation. The real reason goes into band theory — the gap between the valence band and conduction band in insulators is so wide that at room temperature, essentially no electrons have enough thermal energy to jump across. In metals, there is no gap at all. What I love about this is that it's a quantum mechanical phenomenon, but it explains something you interact with every day when you flip a light switch. The quantum world isn't distant — it's the reason your house has working electricity.
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